Dell began offering consumer systems running Ubuntu in May 2007. Ubuntu’s Gutsy Gibson has been available on laptops since October.

The OEM and laptop testing teams of Dell have been testing the code and hardware drivers for several weeks and are ready to launch the Ubuntu 7.10 Laptop based on the free and open source Ubuntu Linux operating system.

“We believe Ubuntu 7.10 is a solid step forward <span style="font-weight:bold;">for both Linux enthusiasts as well as the mainstream consumer market</span>,” wrote Daniel Judd, Product Group Strategist on the Dell2Dell blog on Tuesday. “The answer is simple. With any operating system, we take gold code and take the time to do extensive testing on our systems to make sure that customers have as few issues as possible.”

Daniel Judd, Dell product manager has cited “cool” 3-D visual effects, easier desktop search for applications and the “ability to quickly switch between users and easily share a system with family members” as key new features of Ubuntu’s 7.10 release. He has also cited two minor Dell developed innovations much in demand by younger generation of laptop users — pre-installation of Flash and improved recovery options — as other significant enhancements for Gutsy Gibbon on Dell consumer PCs.

Judd also one key request was the ability to watch DVD movies from the Dell Linux desktop. “We totally agree and that’s why we now include built-in DVD movie playback with all Ubuntu 7.10 systems.The experience we wanted is simple — when you put a movie in, it plays. It is easy enough for a child and an example of the steps we are taking to make Ubuntu as enjoyable as possible.

Mera wala PRINTER kaun ? Latest, achha aur best printer mere Ubuntu ke liye kaun sa ?

Which printers are recommended for Ubuntu Kubuntu Linux users ?

Kya Linux Ubuntu par tumhara printer theek se chalta hai ?

For the Kanpur Lucknow based users of Ubuntu Linux computers one of the big questions to do some research on before buying a recommended printer from the Computer manufacturers or local assemblers - is whether the PRINTER being suggested works well with UBUNTU / KUBUNTU LINUX for English language printing ?
Please do ASK your computer supplier / manufacturer / local assembler if the printer they are suggesting for you to BUY, supports good black and colour printing with Ubuntu based Debian operating system ?
If the answer is NO - please do NOT buy that printer as it will be worth nothing to you once you buy it.
It is usually best to buy a LOW COST printer with good preloaded Linux Ubuntu DRIVERS.
If you want to check out if the printer which MAY LOOK GOOD but DOES NOT work well with UBUNTU then just tell the computer dealer to keep the printer in cold storage rather than expect you to buy a USELESS printer that you will not know where to DUMP and throw away.
Where to get the LATEST list of MODERN and best printers which work well with UBUNTU and KUBUNTU Linux ?
Check out at - http://www.linux-foundation.org/en/OpenPrinting

It is very important for Indian computer users to buy only printers which have good Linux printer drivers preloaded. There is NO POINT buying a printer if it does NOT work with Linux.
Do ask your computer dealer this question before buying a computer from them.
There are many reports of printers with a lot of marketing push behind them from computer dealers and manufacturers but that do not support Linux Ubuntu for Indian markets and Indian users.

And then if you ask them one simple question as to why - if when a user in an Indian village wants to download Ubuntu Linux from an Indian server there is no Indian server offering free downloads - they just go suddenly quiet.
How long is this state expected to last ?
Just try going to the Ubuntu Linux download page and see (forget the world) - just check out which Asian countries have servers from which common people can download Ubuntu Linux from.
You will be amazed that all these high flying science and technology bureaucrats of India have not even found the time or the resources to offer a server for simple downloads.
And do you wonder what countries figure there ?
Well certainly not the so called big boss of IT - India. Nor the IT capitalists who profess to be socialists at heart.
There is no NASSCOM there. No IIT. No IIIT. No IIM
Then who is there ? -
Surprise of surprises - China, Uzbekistan, Thailand, Vietnam.
No Indian servers at all from any of the high flying prestigious IT computing hubs sprinkled all over India.
Is this issue symptomatic about ills and achievements of Indian Science and Technology, some fifty years after the dreams of public sector and science and technology revolution in India ?

It seems some kids and even some adult people ( not to talk of ignorant computer, laptop hardware dealers) have difficulties getting their own or customer broadband Internet connection from BSNL India - working with Ubuntu or Kubuntu Linux.

The BSNL Broadband connection costs only Rs 250/- per month and because it is an ADSL connection you can also use the telephone connection on the same phone line. You just need to phone up the BSNL Broadband support and ask them to give you the BSNL LAN details. Usually they are very helpful and will give you : Gateway Address, Primary DNS and Alternate DNS - All very simple - Just note down on piece of paper
The ADSL modem that they give like Sterlite which is a Chinese modem works very well with Ubuntu Linux in Kanpur Lucknow and all of Uttar Pradesh and no separate drivers are required. Just connect the Ethernet and phone lines to the modem. Connect the Ethernet cable to your AMD or Intel motherboard Ethernet port. A green and yellow light comes on if you see the back of your computer or laptop.

What next ? Once your Ubuntu or Kubuntu is installed from your ISO CD go to Applications - Accessories - Terminal and log in as root user. In Ubuntu root user is sudo

Type in the following in your shell - GNOME desktop shell also called GNOME Terminal :

sudo ppoeconf - Then enter the username that BSNL gave you. Next enter the password. Keep all the default settings regarding

sudo pon dsl-provider ( sudo poff dsl-provider - to disconnect Internet connection )

Nowadays most computer dealers will give you a Ubuntu or Kubuntu CD for just Rs 100 and you can install everything yourself. To install printer, keep the printer on while installing your Ubuntu.

Check with : plog ifconfig

Go to any website from your Firefox browser like : http://www.example.com

And hey, your Rs 250/- per month ADSL Broadband connection from BSNL is working at lightning speed in Kanpur Lucknow, Jhansi, Varanasi, Gorakhpur, Patna Moradabad. Nothing else to do. Just tune in to an Internet radio station from Ubuntu and enjoy the latest music and video clips.

Happy Ubuntu !! Everything is working fine !! Free legal Ubuntu !! I'm loving it baby !! And yes if somebody next door wants your help, please do help them out as wel. This is the spirit of Ubuntu in Kanpur and Lucknow. If your Ubuntu is working fine, please do spend some time to get your neighbours Ubuntu working also. No need to wait for IIT engineers. They will never come to you.

Naturally these assembled computer dealers associations in Kanpur and Lucknow feel that first they have to learn Ubuntu themselves - and then - they have to teach their staff how to install Ubuntu or Kubuntu in one hour. So it seems that school children will now have to teach these outdated computer dealers and hardware box vendors the fine points of Ubuntu Linux installation on laptops and desktops. One wonders when the the computer assemblers will start giving themselves a crash course in Ubuntu and Linux so that they can install it on their customer computers in just one hour.

But go and see the computers of children in Kanpur and Lucknow from schools such as Methodist, Jaipuria DPS, Christ Church - these kids know much more about the ease of Ubuntu installations than these hardware vendors - many of whom do not even have free CD to give to the customer just in case the customer tells them just to give them a price for the hardware box. For after all if children can install Ubuntu from CD by themselves, so can customers. And then maybe finally the staff of the hardware vendors will also learn how to install Ubuntu.

Many children of course prefer Kubuntu Desktop version because the KDE desktop is better to look at for those who only know how to send emails and chat on the Internet.

And last, the computer dealers will themselves shyly one afternoon decide to learn it themselves.

Where to download Ubuntu from ? http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download

Naturalist& Nature Photographer

77, Canal Road Shiv Colony Lakhimpur kheri-262 701

Uttar Pradesh

Republic of
India

Figure 1 Author

                                                            d`’.k dqekj feJ                                                            fnukad& 30 vxLr 2006 

,d ck?k dk nnZukd vUr% [khjh ds ouksa esa ,d ?kk;y ck?k dks ou vf/kdkfj;ksa us viuh xksyh dk fu”kkuk cuk;k & Ckk?k taxy dk dq”ky dwVuhfrd pk.kD; gksrk gS fdUrq dadjhV ds taxyksa esa jgus okys pk.kD;ksa dh dqVyuhfr us mlds vfLrRo ij gh loky [kM+s dj fn;s gS blh dkj.k nqfu;k Hkj ds laj{k.kokfn;ksa o izdfrizsfe;ksa us ck?k laj{k.k dh eqfge pyk;h ftls nqfu;k dh reke ljdkjkas us eatwjh nh gS bu lc bartkeksa ds ckotwn ck?k dk f”kdkj mldh [kky o vaxksa ds fy, tkjh gSA mUuhloha lnh dh “kq:okr esa iwjh nqfu;k esa ck?kks dh l[;k yxHkx 100]000 Fkh vdsys Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esa 40]000 ck?k Fks fdUrq vc /kjrh ij flQZ 5000 ck?k gh cps gS Hkkjr esa ck?kksa dh ljdkjh l[;k 3000 crk;h tk jgh gS ij gdhdr esa ;gkW 2000 ck?k gh cps gS ,slk Hkkjr ds reke ck?k laj{kdks o oSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS] mRrj izns”k esa mRrjkaPky ds lu 2000 esa vyx gks tkusa ds ckn 2001 esa djk, x;h Vkbxj x.kuk ds vuqlkj 284 ck?k gSA tcfd mRrjkapy cuus ls iwoZ iwjs izns”k esa 1999 dh ck?k x.kuk ds eqrkfcd 472 ck?k FksA n b.Vjus”kuy ;wfu;u Qkj datosZ”ku vkQ uspj ,.M uspqjy fjlksZlst ^vkbZ ;w lh ,u* us viuh iqLrd jsM MkVk cqd esa ladV xzLr iztkfr ds #i esa j[kk gS Hkkjr esa okbYMykbQ izksVsD”ku ,DV 1972 o 1973 esa izkstsDV Vkbxj dh “kq#okr dj ck?k laj{k.k esa egRoiw.kZ dne mBk;s gS ysfdu reke dkuwuksa o iz;klks ds ckotwn ck?k taxyks ls xk;c gksrs tk jgs gS dkj.k [kjkc rU= o yksxksa esa oU; thoks ds egRo ds izfr tkx#drk dk u gksuk tks bl csgrjhu izk.kh dh feVrh uLy ds ftEesnkj gSA mRrj izns”k dh rjkbZ ftls fo”o izdfr fuf/k us rjkbZ vkdZ yS.M ds #i esa fpfUgr fd;k gS ck?kksa dk izd`frd o ikSjkf.kd vkokl gS ck?kksa ds bl bykds esa [khjh ds taxyksa dk fo”ks’k egRo gS ftldh otg gS ;gka ds ?kus “kk[kw ds taxy o “kkjnk] ?kk?kjk o xkserh tSlh fo”kky ufn;ka tks oU; thoksa dks muds vuqdwy okrkoj.k iznku djrh gS [khjh ds taxyksa esa taxyh jax fcjaxs iq’Ik okys ikS/ks] vkS’k/kh; ouLifr;ka o dbZ rjg ds fo”kky o`{k]  ck?k] xS.Mk] gkFkh] Hkkyw] fgjuksa dh ikap iztkfr;ka] cUnj] 350 ls vf/kd iaf{k;ksa dh fdLesa] reke fdleksa dh jax fcjaxh frrfy;ka o vU; cgqr ls oU; tho o ouLifr;ka ikbZ tkrh gS ;gka tks lcls [kkl ckr gS og gS ck?k ftl dkj.k [khjh ds taxy iwjh nqfu;k esa tkus tkrs jgs gS bl vj.; tuin ds lqjE; taxyksa dks euq’;ksa us cgqr uqdlku igqpk;k ckotwn blds vHkh Hkh ;gkW cgqr dqN cpk gqvk gS bl vikj izkd`frd laink ds dkj.k lu 1977 esa ;gka ds taxyksa ds mRrjh fgLls dks tks vurZjk’Vªh; Hkkjr&usiky lhek ls tqM+k gqvk gS dks nq/kok us”kuy ikdZ dk nTkkZ fn;k x;k rkfd oU; thou dks csgrj lqj{kk fey lds lu 1987 esa fd”kuiqj oU; tho fcgkj dks feykdj Vkbxj izkstsDV ds rgr bls nq?kok Vkbxj fjtoZ cuk;k x;k bl fjtoZ ds rgr [khjh ds taxyks dk 884 oxZ fdyks ehVj dk HkwHkkx vkrk gS blds vykok nf{k.k [khjh ou izHkkx o mRrj [khjh ou izHkkx ds taxy gS tgka ekuo vkcknh ds ncko o f”kdkj ds dkj.k oU; tUrq rks u ds cjkcj gh gS fdUrq fQj Hkh ;g taxy cgqr ls thoks ds ?kj gSA [khjh ds ouksa esa yxHkx 100 ck?k gS 

vHkh gky esa fo”o izd`fr fuf/k }kjk fpfUgr fd, x;sa ck?kksa ds 76 izkd`frd vkoklksa esa ls tks 20 egRoiw.kZ LFkku gS muesa ls ,d [khjh ds taxy Hkh gS tks rjkbZ vkdZ yS.M izktsDV dk ,d fgLlk gSA ck?k laj{k.k ds fy, mu 13 ns”kksa us feydj cSBds dh gS tgka ck?k izkd`frd rkSj ij ik, tkrs gS iwjh i`Foh ij ck?k dh vkB iztkfr;ka ikbZ tkrh Fkh ftuesa vc thfor cph iztkfr;ka ikap gS & Hkjrh; ck?k] b.Mks pk;uht ck?k] lkbcsfj;kbZ ck?k] lkmFk pk;uht ck?k vkSj lqek=u ck?k tks rhu iztkfr;k foyqIr gks xbZ og gS dSfLi;u ck?k] tkou ck?k] o ckyh ck?k bu u’V gq;h ck?k dh uLyks dk eq[; dkj.k Fkk f”kdkj o muds vkoklks ;kuh taxyks dks u’V dj nsuk ysfdu vc cps gq, ck?kks ij Hkh foyqIrh dk ladV eM+jk jgk gS vkSj bu uLyks esa Hkkjrh; ck?k ;kuh jk;y caxky Vkbxj ds lajf{kr jgus dh vR;f/kd laHkkouk, gS ;fn bu ck?kksa ds vrhr ij ge xkSj djs rks vkt ls 6 djksM+ o’kZ iwoZ tc /kjrh ij Mk;uklksj¼jsIVkby½ dk jkt Fkk rc bu ck?kksa ds iwoZt ftUgs fe;kflM ¼Lru/kkjh½ dgrs gS ekStwn Fks ;s tho vkdkj esa NksVs “kjhj yEck o yphyh NksVh Vkaxksa okys gksrs Fks dbZ yk[kksa o’kksZ ckn bUgh fe;kflM ls dzfed fodkl esa dbZ rjg dh iztkfr;ka fodflr gq;h ftuesa fcYyh] Hkkyw] dqRrk] vkSj usoys gSA vkt /kjrh ij 37 rjg dh fcfYy;ka ik;h tkrh gS ck?k mues ls ,d gS ;gk ij ,d ckr egRoiw.kZ gS fd yk[kks o’kksZ iwoZ tks ck?k dh rjg dk tkuoj ik;k tkrk Fkk ftlds f”kdkjh nkar ryokj dh rjg yEcs o iSus gksrs Fks og ck?k dk vlyh iwoZt ugh gS cfYd og Qsykbu ^fcYyh* ifjokj dh nwljh “kk[kk ds tho Fks tks yk[kks o’kZ iwoZ foyqIr gks x;sA ekStwnk cph gqbZ fcYy;ksa esa ck?k vkdkj esa lcls cM+s gksrs gSa Hkkjrh; uj ck?k 10 QhV rd yEck o 550 ikamM rd ds otu okys gks ldrs gS tcfd eknk ck?k 8 1@2 QhV yEcs o 350 ikamM rd otu okys gks ldrs gS eknk dh xHkkZoLFkk yxHkx lok rhu eghus dh gksrh gS ;s 1&5 cPpksa dks tUe nsrs gS tcfd lkekU;r% ck?k 1&3 cPpks dks tUe nsrs gS vkSj cPps iSnk gksus ds vkB lIrkgksa esa gh eka ls f”kdkj djuk lh[kus dh ps’Vk djus yxrs gS Ng eghuksa esa ;s cPpsa f”kdkj djus dh vk/kkjHkwr tkudkfj;ka gkfly dj ysrs gSa vkSj nks o’kZ ckn ck?k ds “kkod f”kdkj esa iw.kZr;k ikjaxr gks tkrs gSA “kjhj es cM+s vkdkj ds gksus ds dkj.k bugs f”kdkj Hkh cM+k pkfg, gksrk gS ;s jkf= esa f”kdkj ds fy, cgqr yEck jkLrk r; dj ldrs gS euq’; dh c<+rh vkcknh o taxyksa ds u’V gks tkus ls buds f”kdkj esa deh vkrh tk jgh ftl dkj.k dHkh&dHkh buds o ekuo ds e/; la?k’kZ fNM+ tkrk gSA  lfn;ksa igys tc Hkkjr Hkwfe ij yk[kksa ck?k LoNUn fopj.k djrs Fks vkSj euq’; Hkh vj.;ksa esa bUgh ds lkFk “kfUr ls jgrk Fkk gekjs _f’k] eqfu rks ?kus ouksa es gh lk/kuk djrs Fks ysfdu D;k vki us dHkh lquk ;k fdlh ikSjkf.kd nLrkost es i<+k fd fdlh ck?k us fdlh _f’k dks [kk x;k otg fcYdqy lkQ Fkh fd rc ekuo bruk ykyph ugh Fkk u rks og taxyksa dksbZ uqdlku igqpkark Fkk vkSj u gh mu taxyksa esa jgus okys Ik”kq&if{k;ksa dksA gekjk ikSjkf.kd bfrgkl tkuoj o ekuo ds e/; vrqyuh; lkeatL; dk mnkgj.k gSA fdUrq fons”kh vkdzUrkvksa us tc Hkkjr Hkwfe ij dne j[kk rks gekjs taxy ds bl ckn”kkg ij [krjk eM+jkusa yxk D;ksafd bu yksxksa us tc bl vnHkqr rkdr o vkd’kZd tho dks ns[kk ftlds ;s yksx flQZ fdLls lqurs Fks rks Bugks us viuh cgknqjh dh “ks[kh c?kkjus ds fy, ck?k dks ekjuk “kq# dj fn;k vkSj “ksj[kku tSls ukeksa okyh mikf/k;ksa ls Loae dks efgekeafMr djus yxs blds ckn fczfV”k mifuos”k esa ck?kksa dk f”kdkj tksjksa ls “kq# gks x;k gekjs ns”kh dfFkr jktkvksa o rkYyqdsnkjksa us vaxzstks dh rtZ ij ck?k dk f”kdkj “kq# dj fn;k vkSj T;knkrj ;s f”kdkj mu vaxzst vQljksa dks [kq”k djus ds fy, gksrs Fks ftuls budh dksbZ LokFkZ flf) gksrh] ;wjksi esa ml le; efgyk;ksa esa Vkbxj dh [kky dh ilZ o dksV iguusa dk QS”ku tksjks ij Fkk iq#’k Hkh ck?k dh [kky dks e<+okdj vius Mªkbax#e esa Vkaxuk viuh “kku le>rs Fks] Kkr izek.kksa esa Hkkjr esa ck?k fczfV”k mifuos”k ds oDr lcls T;knk ekjs x;sA vkt tc iwjh nqfu;k bu oU; thoks ds egRo o gekjs ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= es mudh vge Hkwfedk dks le> x;h gS vkSj oU; thoks o ouksa dks cpkus ds fy, ,d leqnk; gh vfLrRo esa vk x;k gS vkSj ljdkjh Lrj ij oU; thoksa ds laj{k.k ds fy, reke dkuwu cuk, x;s gS vkSj Hkkjh /ku [kpZ fd;k tk jgk gS rc Hkh dqN yksx viuh izd`fr eka ds vaxksa ;kuh taxyksa o muesa jgus okys Ik”kq if{k;ksa dks u’V djus ij rqys gq, gS vkSj dqN ljdkjh yksx rks ekuoHk{kh gksus dk >wBk ycknk bu fujhg tkuojks ij Mkydj vius vUnj nch gqbZ f”kdkjh izofRr ds pyrs budks ekj Mkyrs gS vkSj ekuoHk{kh o [kwa[kkj ck?k ;k rsUnqvk dks ekjusa dk rexk o izlf) gkfly dj ysrs gS  

mRrj izns”k ds rjkbZ ds taxy ck?kksa dk izkd`frd vkokl gS lfn;ksa ls ;s Lof.kZe vkHkk fy, dkyh /kkjh okyk tho bu taxyksa esa jkt djrk vk;k gS fdUrq ekuo }kjk buds ?kjksa esa vfrdze.k djus ls vc Hkkjr dk ;g jk’Vªh; Ik”kq vius vfLrRo dks cpk, j[k ikus ds fy, la?k’kZjr gS bldk rktk mnkgj.k gS [khjh ds taxyksa esa ,d ?kk;y&chekj ck?k ftldh [kky dk jax Qhdk iM+ pqdk Fkk ,d vka[k QwVh gqbZ Fkh vxys ck;sa iSj ij xksyh yxus tSlk x<<k Fkk Hkw[k ds ekjs isV ihB ls tk yxk Fkk bl tho dh ihB ij Hkh xgjk ?kko Fkk bl th.kZ “kh.kZ n”kk okyk tho ftlus viuh “kkjhfjd n”kk ds dkj.k ekuks ck?k gksus xkSjo gh [kks fn;k Fkk bls ou vf/kdkfj;ksa us ujHk{kh gksus dk f[krkc nsdj vkSj dkuwu dk gokyk nsdj xkksyh ekj nh ;s dgkuh “kq# gksrh gS 21 ebZ lu 2006 dks tc fd”kuiqj oU; thofcgkj esa ck?k us ,d cNMs+ dks ekj fn;k jkeflag mQZ ckck us tc cNM+s dh yk”k ds utnhd tkus dh dksf”k”k dh rks ck?k us vius f”kdkj ds fNu tkus dh vka”kdk ds dkj.k bl O;fDr dks ekj Mkyk A nwljh okjnkr 18 tqykbZ dks ?kVh tc Hkhjk ou jsat esa egjktuxj fuoklh ds”kjh dks ck?k us f”kdkj cuk;k blh flyflys ds rgr ck?k us rhljk geyk 27 tqykbZ dks fd;k ;s ?kVuk [khjh ds taxyksa ls tqM+s gq, “kkgtagkiqj tuin dh [kqVkj ou jsUt esa ?kVh bl ckj dqUnu mQZ eqUuk dks viuh tku xokuh iM+h ck?k dk vkf[kjh ekuo f”kdkj Fkk nf{k.k [khjh ou izHkkx dh Hkhjk jsUt esa dkai VkaMk xkao dk jgus okyk fd”kksj ftldk uke fot;iky Fkk ck?k us bl pkSFks O;fDr ij 1 vxLr dks geyk fd;k ;gk xkSj djus okyh ckr gS fd ck?k ds f”kdkj cus pkjks O;fDr;ksa dks ck?k us ugh [kk;k vkSj ;s ?kVuk;s Hkh ou {ks= esa ;kuh ck?k ds ?kj esa ?kfVr gqbZ ck?k }kjk ekuo ekal u [kk;k tkuk bl ckr dh vksj b”kkjk djrk gS fd ck?k ujHk{kh ugh Fkk bl chp ?kVuk LFkyksa ls f”kdkjh tkuoj ds ixekdZ fy, x;s vkSj bl tkuoj dh igpku uj ck?k ds #i esa dh xbZA    vc ge ck?k }kjk fd;s x;s pkSFks o vkf[kjh geys okyh txg ij pys ;g dkai VkaMk xkao gS ftlds mRrj esa “kkjnk unh cgrh gS vkSj iwjc] if”pe o nf{k.k esa [khjh ds ?kus taxy gS “kkjnk unh }kjk NksM+s x;s HkwHkkx esa lSdM+ksa gsDV;j xUus dh Qly gS tks taxy o unh ls f?kjh gqbZ gS ;g eSnku ck?k ds izkd`frd vkokl dk vkHkkl djkrh gS ;g ,d fo”kky xzklyS.M dh rjg gS ;gka lSdM+ksa eos”kh taxyksa esa ?kwek djrs gS ;gka ds fuoklh Hkh viuh t#jrs bUgh taxyksa ls iwjh djrs gS pkgs dkuwu mUgs bl ckr dh btktr u nsrk gks ,sls gkykr esa ck?k dk eosf”k;ksa dks ekj Mkyuk o euq’;ksa ij geyk LokHkkfod gS D;ks fd rc ge mlds vkokl ls NsM+NkM+ dj jgs gksrs gSA ,d vxLr okyh ?kVuk ds ckn ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us viuh dk;Zokfg;ka rst dj nh cjsyh ls fitM+s eaxk;sa x;s ftuesa lqvj dk ekal j[kk x;k o ftUnk cdjs dk eseuk ysfdu ck?k us vkneh dh pkyksa dks Hkkai fy;k ;k fQj “kk;n dksbZ vkSj otg jgh dh og fitM+s es ugh Qlk] lkr vxLr dks ck?k dh mifLFkr fdl txg ij gS bl ckr dks fuf”pr dj fy;k x;k ysfdu mls idM+us ds dksb [kkl izcU?k ugh fd, x, ;gka ij ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us bl ckr dh Hkh iqf’V dj yh dh ck?k dkQh detksj voLFkk esa gS vkB vxLr dks ck?k viuh iwoZ fLFr ls yxHkx 100 ehVj pyk vc og tgka ij Fkk og “kkjnk unh }kjk NksM+h x;h tehu Fkh tks ,d [kMM esa rCnhy gks pqdh Fkh ;gka yEch o ?kuh VkbQk xzkl ^pVkbZ ?kkl* Fkh tgka ck?k Nqik gqvk Fkk vkB vxLr dks ck?k dks iwjh rjg ls yksdsV dj fy;k x;k rhu gkfFk;ksa ls yxkrkj ml ij fuxjkuh j[kh tk jgh Fkh Vªadqykbts”ku ,DliVZ vk igqpsa Fks vkSj mRrj izns”k ds eq[; oU; tho izfrikyd ekSds ij vk, vkSj mudh fuxjkuh esa ouvf/kdkjh rhuksa gkfFk;ksa ij lokj gksdj ml “kkjnk ds [kMM esa nynyh Hkwfe esa mrj x;s ck?k ?kkl ds ftl >qjeqV esa ekSatwn Fkk mlds pkjks rjQ dh ?kkl jkSan Mkyh xbZ fQj Hkh ck?k Vl ls el u gqvk nqfu;k dk lcls QqrhZyk tkuoj vius pkjks rjQ cUnwdksa ls ySl gkfFk;kas ij lokj ekuo dks vius bruk utnhd ns[kdj Hkh gjdr esa u vk;s ;g vlaHko gh gS D;ksfd lfn;ksa ls euq’; gkfFk;ks ij p<+dj ck?k dk f”kdkj djrk vk;k gS vkSj ck?kksa esa ih<+h nj ih<+h ;g izo`fRr curh pyh x;h fd epkuksa o gkfFk;ksa ij lokj ekuq’k ls lko/kku! vki dYiuk dj ldrs gaS fd og fujhg ?kk;y o Hkw[k ls rM+Ik jgk tho ftldk “kjhj rks ej jgk Fkk ij psruk vHkh thfor Fkh “kk;n “kjhj dh tkrh jgh “kfDr ds dkj.k Hkw[k dk ,glkl gh [kRe gks pqdk gks fdUrq tjk lh Hkh psruk jgus rd tho eas e`R;q dk Hk; fo|eku jgrk gS ,sls esa og cscl izk.kh tks “k=qvksa ls pkjks rjQ ls f?kjk gks lSdM+ks euq’; mlls dqN nwjh ij etek yxk, rek”kchu cus [kM+s gks og tkuoj viuh tku cpkus ds fy, ,d dne Hkh py ikus esa vleFkZ gks] “kfDrghu gks pqdk “kjhj O;kdqy psruk dk lkFk ns ikus esa foo”k gks rks og dSlh Hk;kud o fonzwi fLFkr gksxh ftls Lej.k djrs gh ân; esa d#.kk ds rkj ,d lkFk vkUnksfyr gks tkrs gS fQj Hkh ck?k dh taxy esa loksZPp lRRkk o mldh rkdr dk ,glkl taxy ds gj tho esa gesa”kk cuk jgrk gS rHkh rks bl ej.kklUu Ckk?k ls gkfFk;ksa dh lfUudVrk us gkfFk;ksa dks [kkSQ tnk dj fn;k Fkk ihyoku ds reke iz;klksa ds ckotwn gkFkh ck?k ls nwjh cuk, gq, Fks fQj ckal ds M.Msa ls ou vf/kdkfj;ksa us ml >qjeqV esa ekStwn tho ls NsM+NkM+ dh rc dksbZ ,slh gjdr ugh gqbZ FkksM+h nwj ij [kM+s gtkjksa xzkeh.kksa o ehfM;kdehZ ns[k ikrs pkjks rjQ gYyk epuk “kq# , gqvk fd ck?k ej x;k gS ou foHkkx okys crkuk ugh pkgrs [kSj bu lc ckrksa es “kke gks xbZ urhtk flQM+ gh jgk eq[; oU; tho izfrikyd us vleatl dh fLFkfr esa fdlh ls Qksu ij jk; e”kfojk fy;k fd gkykr dkcw esa ugh gS Vªadqykbts”ku ,DliVZ us Hkh vius gkFk [kM+s dj fy, muds eqrkfcd ck?k bruk detksj gS fd bls csgks”k ugh fd;k tk ldrk vkf[kj esa eq[; oU; tho izfrikyd us xzkeh.kks dk fgnk;r nh fd ck?k dh ekstwnxh okyh txg dh rjQ dksbZ u tk;s ck?k ejus okyk gS “kk;n jkr esa gh ej tk, lqcg vkdj ns[ksxsa D;k djuk gSA9 vxLr dh lqcg ;k ;wW dg ys dh Hkksj gksus ls igys gh ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us ;gka vkdj ck?k dks 0-365 cksj dh jk;Qy ls xksyh ekj nh vHkh dkai VkaMk xkao uhan ls tkxk Hkh ugh Fkk ysfdu xksyh dh vkokt lqudj ogka #ds gq, ehfM;k dehZ o dqN xzkeh.k ?kVuk LFky ij vk igqaps bl oDr oudehZ ck?k dks thi esa ykn jgs Fks ?kVuk LFky ls [kwu dk ,d drjk Hkh cjken ugh gqvk tcfd cdkSy ou vf/kdkjh xksyh ck?k ds lhus esa ekjh xbZA vkuu Qkuu esa ck?k   

Figure 2 Dead Tiger atKanp-Tanda
Village of Kheri district

  dh yk”k fd”kuiqj jsLV gkml ykbZ xbZ tgka  izsl okrkZvksa dk nkSj pyk ejs gq, ck?k ds lkFk rLohjsa f[kpok;h x;h vkSj ck?k dks ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us eknk ck?k ;kuh ckf?ku ?kksf’kr dj fn;k x;k ysfdu bl ck?k dks ckf?ku crkusa ls ck?k }kjk ekjs x;s pkjks O;fDr;ksa dh ekSr dk bYtke bl tkuoj ds Åij ls [kRe gks tkrk gS D;ksfd mu ekjs x;s O;fDr;ksa ds ?kVuk LFkyksa ls uj ck?k ds ixekxZ feys Fks A ckf?ku ds ekj fn;s tkus dh [kcj gj i= esa Nih ij ?kVuk LFkyksa ls ik;s x;s iaUtks ds fu”kku tks uj ck?k ds crk;s x;s Fks bl ckr ij fdlh dk /;ku ugh x;k vc ;fn ;gh ckf?ku ujHk{kh Fkh rks bldk eryc fd oufoHkkx ix fpUgksa dk lgh vUnktk ugh yxk ik;k ysfdu ;s ekeyk ;gh [kRe ugh gqvk tc cjsyh ds bTtruxj fLFkr vkbZ oh vkj vkbZ ls ck?k dh iksLVekVZe fjiksZV vk;h rks bl ekjs x;s tkuoj dh iqf’V uj ck?k ds #i esa dh x;h bl ckr ls tuin ds oU;thoizseh lUu jg x;s fd brus cM+s tkuoj esa mPp ou vf/kdkjh uj o eknk dk Hksn ugh dj ik;s ;s ckr ck?k laj{k.k esa bu vf/kdkfj;ksa dh Hkwfedk ij t#j iz”ufpUg yxkrh gSA ysfdu ;gka ,d ckr t#j Li’V gks tkrh gS fd oufoHkkx }kjk ?kVuk okyh txgks ls fy;s x;s iatksa ds fu”kku dk vUnktk fcYdqy Bhd Fkk bl ckr dh iqf’V iksLVekVZe us Hkh dj nh 

;gka ij ,d ckr tks iwjh rjg ls nck nh x;h fd ck?k ds “kjhj ij pksVksa ds fu”kku o vxys iSj ij xksyh yxus tSlk xM<+k bu lc ckrks dk ftEesankj dkSu gS vkSj bl ck?k ds iUtksa ds uk[kwuksa o dSukbu nkarksa dh ekStwnxh ds ckn Hkh ;g euq’; dks D;ks ekjrk Fkk dgh ck?k ds “kjhj ij gq, t[e] QwV dj lM+ pqdh vka[k o vxys ck;sa iSj ij xksyh yxus tSlk fu”kku ck?k ds [kwWa[kkj gksaus dk dkj.k rks ugh gS ck?k vewuu vkneh dk f”kdkj ugh djrk ,slk rc gksrk gS ;k rks ck?k bruk o`} gks tk;s fd mlds ekal QkM+us okys dSukbu nkar o iatksa ds uk[kwu f?kl tk, ;k VwV tk, ;k fQj fdlh f”kdkjh dh xksyh yxus ls ck?k “kkjhfjd #i ls viuk izkd`frd f”kdkj ekj ikus esa v{ke gks tk, bl ck?k dks idM+ dj bldk bykt djk;k tk ldrk Fkk tc ;g ,d dne Hkh py ikus es vleFkZ Fkk rks tky Mkydj ;k vU; fcf/k;ksa ls bls idMdj Hkkjr ds bl jk’Vªh; Ik”kq dks cpk;k tk ldrk Fkk “kk;n fdlh fpfM+;k?kj esa ;g ck?k viuh ftUnxh ds dqN lky fcrk ldrk Fkk bl izdj.k dh l?ku tkap gksuh pkfg, rkfd bl ckr dk vUnktk yxk;k tk lds fd ck?k dh bl n”kk dk ftEesnkj f”kdkfj;ksa dk dksbZ fxjksg rks ugh gS ;k xzkeh.kksa }kjk ekjs x;s ifjtu dh yk”k taxy ls okil ykus ds fy, ck?k o muds e/; gq, la?k’kZ dk urhtk rks ugh gS D;ksfd xzkeh.kksa ds eqrkfcd rhljh ?kVuk esa egjktuxj ds xzkeh.kks us VªsDVj&Vªkyh ij lokj gksdj tc ds”kjh dh yk”k ysus x;s rks muds o ck?k ds e/; >M+is gqbZ ftlesa ,d O;fDr us crk;k dh ck?k us viuk f”kdkj fNurs ns[kdj Vªkyh ij geyk dj fn;k ftlesa ck?k dk otunkj iatk Vªkyh dh yksgs dh pknj ls Vdjk;k ftlls Vªkyh dh pknj vanj dh rjQ nc x;h blh oDr ck?k us tc vius vki dks vlQy gksrs ns[kk rks og cM+h rsth ls Vªkyh ds uhps ls gksdj fudyusa dh dksf”k”k dh ij ck?k dh ÅpkbZ T;knk gksus dh otg ls mldh jh<+ Vªkyh ls Vdjkdj jxM+ xbZ bl jxM+ ds dkj.k ck?k ds dqN cky Hkh [kky ls VwV dj mlh LFkku ij fxj x;s ck?k ds ekjs tkus ds ckn mldh ihB ij tks ?kko ik;k x;k og “kk;n Vªkyh ls Vdjkus ds oDr yxh jxM+ dk gh urhtk jgk gksxk dqy feykdj bu lc ckrks dk ckjhdh ls v?;;u fd;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd ck?k dSls vkSj D;ks ekuoksa dks ekjus yxk blesa D;k okLro esa ck?k dk nks’k gS ;k fQj vkneh dk bu reke ckrks dk irk yxkdj leL;k ds fujkdj.k dk dqN rks mik; fd;k tk ldrk gS rkfd ,slh fLFkr nqckjk mRiUu u gksus ik,A vkSj gekjs bl jk’Vªh; izrhd ftl ij gekjh ljdkj djksM+ks #i;s bls cpkus ds fy, [kpZ dj jgh gS ml tkuoj dks ge lajf{kr dj lds  ftls fte dkcsZV us tsUVyeSu dh lKk nh gSA   ftl {ksrz esa ;s pkj O;fDr ck?k }kjk ekjs x;sa ogka 6 gSeysV gS] ;s catkjks ds xkao gS tks /khjs&/khjs lekt dh eq[; /kkjk ls yxHkx tqM+ pqds gS buesa u rks og lfn;ksa iqjkuk vkfne iu cpk gS vkSj u gh ijaijk, ij ,d ckr t#j vpjt Hkjh gS fd lfn;ksa ls tks taxyksa esa oU; thoks ds f”kdkj ij viuk Hkj.k iks’k.k djrs vk, gS og vc iw.kZr;k “kkdkgjh gks pqds gS dkai VkaMk ¼VkaMk dk vFkZ gh gS catkjksa ds fuokl½ xkao ds rksa lHkh yksx “kkdk gkjh gS bldh otg gS fd ;s lc xkao okysa ckck t; xq# nso ds ekuus okys gS bud s lkfRod gksus ds fy, eSa ckck dks fcuk /kU;ckn fn, ugh jg ldrk dkj.k fd de ls de muds }kjk bUgs “kkdk gkjh cuk nsus ls ;gka ds taxyh thoksa dh tku rks t#j cp xbZ fdlh Hkh vHk;kj.; ds vkl ikl jgus okys yksx ;fn ekalHk{kh ugh gS rks ogk dh okbYMykbQ ds laj{k.k dh laHkkouk;s dbZ xquk c<+ tkrh gS ouLifr mu {ksrzks ds tgka ekalkgkjh izd`fr ds yksx jgrs gksA bu NksVs&NksVs xkaoksa es jgusa okysa ou vf/kdkfj;ksa ls vius xkoksa dks foLFkkfir djus dh ekax dj jgs Fksa ftldh otg Fkh ,d rjQ mQukrh “kkjnk unh vkSj rhu rjQ ls /kus taxyksa ls bu xkoksa dk f?kjk gksuk] bu xzkeh.kks ds iwoZt bl vj.; {ksrz es dc vkSj dSls vkdj cls ;g ckr rks fdlh dks ugh ekywe ysfdu esjs }kjk bUgsa iwoZtksa dh /kjrh dk eksg ;kn fnykus ij Hkh bu lc us vius dks dgh vkSj clk nsus dh ekax ij dk;e jguk budh xjhch] flapk;h ds mi;qDr lk/ku u tqVk ikuk] ck<+ vkSj taxyh tkuojksa dk Hk; Fkk ysfdu budh ;g ekax ;fn iwjh dj nh tk; rks blesa taxy esa jgus okysa thoksa o ekuo ds e/; tkjh ;g la?k’kZ vo”; lekIr gks tk;sxk vkSj ou foHkkx dks fd”kuiqj oU; tho fogkj o nf{k.k [khjh ou izHkkx ds e/; dk ;g fo”kky HkwHkkx ouhdj.k djus ds fy, fey tk,xk ftlls bl /kjrh ij vkPNkfnr l?ku taxyksa dh lrg ij fdlh ?ko dh rjg yxk fu”kku okyk {ksrz fQj ls vius Lo#i dks okil ik ldrk gS vkSj bu xzkeh.kks dks Hkh izd`fr dh Hk;kogrk ¼tSlk fd ;s yksx lksprs gS½ ls NqVdkjk fey ldrk gSA  ,d [kkl ckr vkSj nq/kok Vkbxj fjtoZ esa u rks dksbZ Vªadqykbts”ku Lis”kfyLV] u gh dksb osVujh MkDVj vkSj ;gka dksbZ fjlpZ vQlj Hkh ugh fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS tcfd bu yksxks dh furkUr vko”;drk gS ftlls ,sls gkykrksa esa fdlh dk bUrtkj u djuk iM+s ;gka rd fd ikdZ iz”kklu ds ikl u rks fitM+sa gS vkSj u gh dzsu D;ks fd ikdZ iz”kklu bu mijksDr phtksa dh otg ls vius rhu vfHk;kuksa esa vlQy jgk gS                                                                   

Figure 3 Male Leopard shot dead by Villagers in Kheri district in 2003

Figure 4 Rhino escaped from crate at Sitapur distrct in 2004

   in~e Hkw’k.k fcyh vtZu flag us bl ekeysa esa lh ch vkbZ tkap dh ekax dh gS mUgksus crk;k fd ck?k taxy dk vlyh j{kd gksrk gS mlds ?kj ;kuh taxy ls tks Hkh NsM+NkM+ djrk gS ck?k mls ekj nsrk gS Jh flag dgrs gS fd ;fn ck?k ugh jgsxs rks taxy Hkh ugh cpsxsa ;fn taxy ugh cps rks euq’; Hkh ugh cp ik,xk ck?k gekjs ikfjfLFkdh ra= ,d egRoiw.kZ vax gS blds u gksus ls ;s larqyu vo”; fcxM+ tk;sxkA v/;;uksa ds eqrkfcd fiNys 10 o’kksZ esa ck?kksa ds vkokl esa 40 Qhlnh deh vk;h gS vkSj ck?kksa ds ,frgkfld vkokl vkSj vc ds cps gq, vkoklksa dh rqyuk dh tk, rks vc ck?k ds ek= lkr Qhlnh vkokl gh cps gq, gS pwafd ck?k vU; taxyh tkuojksa dh rjg NksVs&NksVs vkoklksa ^taxyksa* esa ugh jg ldrk blds fy, fo”kky {ks=Qy okys taxy ;kuh J[kykc) taxy mfpr vkokl gksrs gS vkt fldqM+rs gq, taxy ck?kksa dks ekuo vkcknh dh rjQ vkus dks etcwj djrs gS tgka ekuo ls budk la?k’kZ “kq# gksrk gS ;fn ge taxyksa dks uqdlku u igqpk;sa o viuh t#jrksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, xzkelekt] d`f’k Hkwfe o ijrh iM+h Hkwfe;ksa ij lkeqnkf;d ouhdj.k fd;k tk; rks gekjh t#jrsa Hkh iwjh gks tk,xh vkSj ck?kksa dks Hkh laj{k.k fey ldsxk ;fn ge okLro esa ck?k cpkuk pkgrs gS rks mu yksxks dks vkxs vkuk gksxk tks bu ck?kksa ds lkFk ;k fQj djhc jgrs gS ;s oks yksx gS tks vHk;kj.;ksa ds vklikl jgrs gS oks yksx tks taxyksa ds vklikl ds dLcks] xkaoksa o “kgjksa esa jgrs gS ;fn ;gh yksx ck?k laj{k.k ds egRo dks le>saxs rHkh ck?k cp ik,xs lSdM+ks ehy nwj cSBs yksx gekjs ck?k ugh cpk ldrsA

Figure 2- Dead Tiger at kishanpur Rest House Kishanpur WLS of Kheri district nqxkZ dk ;s okgu Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dh Nkiksa esa ls ,d] ;g vewY; /kjksgj rHkh cp ldrh gS tc euq’; buds vaxksa o [kky ds fy, budk f”kdkj can dj ns vkSj buds vkoklksa dks ,ao buds Hkkstu ;kuh fgju tSls vU; taxyh Ik”kqvksa dks Nfr u igqpk;saA ;s taxy o muesa jgus okys tho bl /kjrh dh vewY; fuf/k gS vkSj ;fn ekuo /kjrh ij vius dks lcls rkdroj izk.kh gksus dk ;kuh ekfyd gksus dk nkok djrk gS rks mldk ;s uSfrd nkf;Ro curk gS fd og bu thoks ds izfr viuh uSfrd ftEesnkjh dk Hkh fuokZg djs ugh rks ekuo dk bl /kjrh ij vdsys vfLrRo laHko ugh gSA 

            &d`’.k dqekj feJ      77] dSuky jksM f”ko dkyksuh      Yk[kheiqj [khjh&262701      mRrj izns”k      Hkkjr      Qksu& 05872&263571      Lskyqyj& 9935983464      Email- Krishna.manhan@gmail.com 

Naturalist& Nature Photographer

77, Canal Road Shiv Colony Lakhimpur kheri-262 701

Uttar Pradesh

Republic of
India

Figure 1 Author

                                                            d`’.k dqekj feJ                                                            fnukad& 30 vxLr 2006 ,d ck?k dk nnZukd vUr% [khjh ds ouksa esa ,d ?kk;y ck?k dks ou vf/kdkfj;ksa us viuh xksyh dk fu”kkuk cuk;k & Ckk?k taxy dk dq”ky dwVuhfrd pk.kD; gksrk gS fdUrq dadjhV ds taxyksa esa jgus okys pk.kD;ksa dh dqVyuhfr us mlds vfLrRo ij gh loky [kM+s dj fn;s gS blh dkj.k nqfu;k Hkj ds laj{k.kokfn;ksa o izdfrizsfe;ksa us ck?k laj{k.k dh eqfge pyk;h ftls nqfu;k dh reke ljdkjkas us eatwjh nh gS bu lc bartkeksa ds ckotwn ck?k dk f”kdkj mldh [kky o vaxksa ds fy, tkjh gSA mUuhloha lnh dh “kq:okr esa iwjh nqfu;k esa ck?kks dh l[;k yxHkx 100]000 Fkh vdsys Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esa 40]000 ck?k Fks fdUrq vc /kjrh ij flQZ 5000 ck?k gh cps gS Hkkjr esa ck?kksa dh ljdkjh l[;k 3000 crk;h tk jgh gS ij gdhdr esa ;gkW 2000 ck?k gh cps gS ,slk Hkkjr ds reke ck?k laj{kdks o oSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS] mRrj izns”k esa mRrjkaPky ds lu 2000 esa vyx gks tkusa ds ckn 2001 esa djk, x;h Vkbxj x.kuk ds vuqlkj 284 ck?k gSA tcfd mRrjkapy cuus ls iwoZ iwjs izns”k esa 1999 dh ck?k x.kuk ds eqrkfcd 472 ck?k FksA n b.Vjus”kuy ;wfu;u Qkj datosZ”ku vkQ uspj ,.M uspqjy fjlksZlst ^vkbZ ;w lh ,u* us viuh iqLrd jsM MkVk cqd esa ladV xzLr iztkfr ds #i esa j[kk gS Hkkjr esa okbYMykbQ izksVsD”ku ,DV 1972 o 1973 esa izkstsDV Vkbxj dh “kq#okr dj ck?k laj{k.k esa egRoiw.kZ dne mBk;s gS ysfdu reke dkuwuksa o iz;klks ds ckotwn ck?k taxyks ls xk;c gksrs tk jgs gS dkj.k [kjkc rU= o yksxksa esa oU; thoks ds egRo ds izfr tkx#drk dk u gksuk tks bl csgrjhu izk.kh dh feVrh uLy ds ftEesnkj gSA mRrj izns”k dh rjkbZ ftls fo”o izdfr fuf/k us rjkbZ vkdZ yS.M ds #i esa fpfUgr fd;k gS ck?kksa dk izd`frd o ikSjkf.kd vkokl gS ck?kksa ds bl bykds esa [khjh ds taxyksa dk fo”ks’k egRo gS ftldh otg gS ;gka ds ?kus “kk[kw ds taxy o “kkjnk] ?kk?kjk o xkserh tSlh fo”kky ufn;ka tks oU; thoksa dks muds vuqdwy okrkoj.k iznku djrh gS [khjh ds taxyksa esa taxyh jax fcjaxs iq’Ik okys ikS/ks] vkS’k/kh; ouLifr;ka o dbZ rjg ds fo”kky o`{k]  ck?k] xS.Mk] gkFkh] Hkkyw] fgjuksa dh ikap iztkfr;ka] cUnj] 350 ls vf/kd iaf{k;ksa dh fdLesa] reke fdleksa dh jax fcjaxh frrfy;ka o vU; cgqr ls oU; tho o ouLifr;ka ikbZ tkrh gS ;gka tks lcls [kkl ckr gS og gS ck?k ftl dkj.k [khjh ds taxy iwjh nqfu;k esa tkus tkrs jgs gS bl vj.; tuin ds lqjE; taxyksa dks euq’;ksa us cgqr uqdlku igqpk;k ckotwn blds vHkh Hkh ;gkW cgqr dqN cpk gqvk gS bl vikj izkd`frd laink ds dkj.k lu 1977 esa ;gka ds taxyksa ds mRrjh fgLls dks tks vurZjk’Vªh; Hkkjr&usiky lhek ls tqM+k gqvk gS dks nq/kok us”kuy ikdZ dk nTkkZ fn;k x;k rkfd oU; thou dks csgrj lqj{kk fey lds lu 1987 esa fd”kuiqj oU; tho fcgkj dks feykdj Vkbxj izkstsDV ds rgr bls nq?kok Vkbxj fjtoZ cuk;k x;k bl fjtoZ ds rgr [khjh ds taxyks dk 884 oxZ fdyks ehVj dk HkwHkkx vkrk gS blds vykok nf{k.k [khjh ou izHkkx o mRrj [khjh ou izHkkx ds taxy gS tgka ekuo vkcknh ds ncko o f”kdkj ds dkj.k oU; tUrq rks u ds cjkcj gh gS fdUrq fQj Hkh ;g taxy cgqr ls thoks ds ?kj gSA [khjh ds ouksa esa yxHkx 100 ck?k gS vHkh gky esa fo”o izd`fr fuf/k }kjk fpfUgr fd, x;sa ck?kksa ds 76 izkd`frd vkoklksa esa ls tks 20 egRoiw.kZ LFkku gS muesa ls ,d [khjh ds taxy Hkh gS tks rjkbZ vkdZ yS.M izktsDV dk ,d fgLlk gSA ck?k laj{k.k ds fy, mu 13 ns”kksa us feydj cSBds dh gS tgka ck?k izkd`frd rkSj ij ik, tkrs gS iwjh i`Foh ij ck?k dh vkB iztkfr;ka ikbZ tkrh Fkh ftuesa vc thfor cph iztkfr;ka ikap gS & Hkjrh; ck?k] b.Mks pk;uht ck?k] lkbcsfj;kbZ ck?k] lkmFk pk;uht ck?k vkSj lqek=u ck?k tks rhu iztkfr;k foyqIr gks xbZ og gS dSfLi;u ck?k] tkou ck?k] o ckyh ck?k bu u’V gq;h ck?k dh uLyks dk eq[; dkj.k Fkk f”kdkj o muds vkoklks ;kuh taxyks dks u’V dj nsuk ysfdu vc cps gq, ck?kks ij Hkh foyqIrh dk ladV eM+jk jgk gS vkSj bu uLyks esa Hkkjrh; ck?k ;kuh jk;y caxky Vkbxj ds lajf{kr jgus dh vR;f/kd laHkkouk, gS ;fn bu ck?kksa ds vrhr ij ge xkSj djs rks vkt ls 6 djksM+ o’kZ iwoZ tc /kjrh ij Mk;uklksj¼jsIVkby½ dk jkt Fkk rc bu ck?kksa ds iwoZt ftUgs fe;kflM ¼Lru/kkjh½ dgrs gS ekStwn Fks ;s tho vkdkj esa NksVs “kjhj yEck o yphyh NksVh Vkaxksa okys gksrs Fks dbZ yk[kksa o’kksZ ckn bUgh fe;kflM ls dzfed fodkl esa dbZ rjg dh iztkfr;ka fodflr gq;h ftuesa fcYyh] Hkkyw] dqRrk] vkSj usoys gSA vkt /kjrh ij 37 rjg dh fcfYy;ka ik;h tkrh gS ck?k mues ls ,d gS ;gk ij ,d ckr egRoiw.kZ gS fd yk[kks o’kksZ iwoZ tks ck?k dh rjg dk tkuoj ik;k tkrk Fkk ftlds f”kdkjh nkar ryokj dh rjg yEcs o iSus gksrs Fks og ck?k dk vlyh iwoZt ugh gS cfYd og Qsykbu ^fcYyh* ifjokj dh nwljh “kk[kk ds tho Fks tks yk[kks o’kZ iwoZ foyqIr gks x;sA ekStwnk cph gqbZ fcYy;ksa esa ck?k vkdkj esa lcls cM+s gksrs gSa Hkkjrh; uj ck?k 10 QhV rd yEck o 550 ikamM rd ds otu okys gks ldrs gS tcfd eknk ck?k 8 1@2 QhV yEcs o 350 ikamM rd otu okys gks ldrs gS eknk dh xHkkZoLFkk yxHkx lok rhu eghus dh gksrh gS ;s 1&5 cPpksa dks tUe nsrs gS tcfd lkekU;r% ck?k 1&3 cPpks dks tUe nsrs gS vkSj cPps iSnk gksus ds vkB lIrkgksa esa gh eka ls f”kdkj djuk lh[kus dh ps’Vk djus yxrs gS Ng eghuksa esa ;s cPpsa f”kdkj djus dh vk/kkjHkwr tkudkfj;ka gkfly dj ysrs gSa vkSj nks o’kZ ckn ck?k ds “kkod f”kdkj esa iw.kZr;k ikjaxr gks tkrs gSA “kjhj es cM+s vkdkj ds gksus ds dkj.k bugs f”kdkj Hkh cM+k pkfg, gksrk gS ;s jkf= esa f”kdkj ds fy, cgqr yEck jkLrk r; dj ldrs gS euq’; dh c<+rh vkcknh o taxyksa ds u’V gks tkus ls buds f”kdkj esa deh vkrh tk jgh ftl dkj.k dHkh&dHkh buds o ekuo ds e/; la?k’kZ fNM+ tkrk gSA  lfn;ksa igys tc Hkkjr Hkwfe ij yk[kksa ck?k LoNUn fopj.k djrs Fks vkSj euq’; Hkh vj.;ksa esa bUgh ds lkFk “kfUr ls jgrk Fkk gekjs _f’k] eqfu rks ?kus ouksa es gh lk/kuk djrs Fks ysfdu D;k vki us dHkh lquk ;k fdlh ikSjkf.kd nLrkost es i<+k fd fdlh ck?k us fdlh _f’k dks [kk x;k otg fcYdqy lkQ Fkh fd rc ekuo bruk ykyph ugh Fkk u rks og taxyksa dksbZ uqdlku igqpkark Fkk vkSj u gh mu taxyksa esa jgus okys Ik”kq&if{k;ksa dksA gekjk ikSjkf.kd bfrgkl tkuoj o ekuo ds e/; vrqyuh; lkeatL; dk mnkgj.k gSA fdUrq fons”kh vkdzUrkvksa us tc Hkkjr Hkwfe ij dne j[kk rks gekjs taxy ds bl ckn”kkg ij [krjk eM+jkusa yxk D;ksafd bu yksxksa us tc bl vnHkqr rkdr o vkd’kZd tho dks ns[kk ftlds ;s yksx flQZ fdLls lqurs Fks rks Bugks us viuh cgknqjh dh “ks[kh c?kkjus ds fy, ck?k dks ekjuk “kq# dj fn;k vkSj “ksj[kku tSls ukeksa okyh mikf/k;ksa ls Loae dks efgekeafMr djus yxs blds ckn fczfV”k mifuos”k esa ck?kksa dk f”kdkj tksjksa ls “kq# gks x;k gekjs ns”kh dfFkr jktkvksa o rkYyqdsnkjksa us vaxzstks dh rtZ ij ck?k dk f”kdkj “kq# dj fn;k vkSj T;knkrj ;s f”kdkj mu vaxzst vQljksa dks [kq”k djus ds fy, gksrs Fks ftuls budh dksbZ LokFkZ flf) gksrh] ;wjksi esa ml le; efgyk;ksa esa Vkbxj dh [kky dh ilZ o dksV iguusa dk QS”ku tksjks ij Fkk iq#’k Hkh ck?k dh [kky dks e<+okdj vius Mªkbax#e esa Vkaxuk viuh “kku le>rs Fks] Kkr izek.kksa esa Hkkjr esa ck?k fczfV”k mifuos”k ds oDr lcls T;knk ekjs x;sA vkt tc iwjh nqfu;k bu oU; thoks ds egRo o gekjs ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= es mudh vge Hkwfedk dks le> x;h gS vkSj oU; thoks o ouksa dks cpkus ds fy, ,d leqnk; gh vfLrRo esa vk x;k gS vkSj ljdkjh Lrj ij oU; thoksa ds laj{k.k ds fy, reke dkuwu cuk, x;s gS vkSj Hkkjh /ku [kpZ fd;k tk jgk gS rc Hkh dqN yksx viuh izd`fr eka ds vaxksa ;kuh taxyksa o muesa jgus okys Ik”kq if{k;ksa dks u’V djus ij rqys gq, gS vkSj dqN ljdkjh yksx rks ekuoHk{kh gksus dk >wBk ycknk bu fujhg tkuojks ij Mkydj vius vUnj nch gqbZ f”kdkjh izofRr ds pyrs budks ekj Mkyrs gS vkSj ekuoHk{kh o [kwa[kkj ck?k ;k rsUnqvk dks ekjusa dk rexk o izlf) gkfly dj ysrs gS  mRrj izns”k ds rjkbZ ds taxy ck?kksa dk izkd`frd vkokl gS lfn;ksa ls ;s Lof.kZe vkHkk fy, dkyh /kkjh okyk tho bu taxyksa esa jkt djrk vk;k gS fdUrq ekuo }kjk buds ?kjksa esa vfrdze.k djus ls vc Hkkjr dk ;g jk’Vªh; Ik”kq vius vfLrRo dks cpk, j[k ikus ds fy, la?k’kZjr gS bldk rktk mnkgj.k gS [khjh ds taxyksa esa ,d ?kk;y&chekj ck?k ftldh [kky dk jax Qhdk iM+ pqdk Fkk ,d vka[k QwVh gqbZ Fkh vxys ck;sa iSj ij xksyh yxus tSlk x<<k Fkk Hkw[k ds ekjs isV ihB ls tk yxk Fkk bl tho dh ihB ij Hkh xgjk ?kko Fkk bl th.kZ “kh.kZ n”kk okyk tho ftlus viuh “kkjhfjd n”kk ds dkj.k ekuks ck?k gksus xkSjo gh [kks fn;k Fkk bls ou vf/kdkfj;ksa us ujHk{kh gksus dk f[krkc nsdj vkSj dkuwu dk gokyk nsdj xkksyh ekj nh ;s dgkuh “kq# gksrh gS 21 ebZ lu 2006 dks tc fd”kuiqj oU; thofcgkj esa ck?k us ,d cNMs+ dks ekj fn;k jkeflag mQZ ckck us tc cNM+s dh yk”k ds utnhd tkus dh dksf”k”k dh rks ck?k us vius f”kdkj ds fNu tkus dh vka”kdk ds dkj.k bl O;fDr dks ekj Mkyk A nwljh okjnkr 18 tqykbZ dks ?kVh tc Hkhjk ou jsat esa egjktuxj fuoklh ds”kjh dks ck?k us f”kdkj cuk;k blh flyflys ds rgr ck?k us rhljk geyk 27 tqykbZ dks fd;k ;s ?kVuk [khjh ds taxyksa ls tqM+s gq, “kkgtagkiqj tuin dh [kqVkj ou jsUt esa ?kVh bl ckj dqUnu mQZ eqUuk dks viuh tku xokuh iM+h ck?k dk vkf[kjh ekuo f”kdkj Fkk nf{k.k [khjh ou izHkkx dh Hkhjk jsUt esa dkai VkaMk xkao dk jgus okyk fd”kksj ftldk uke fot;iky Fkk ck?k us bl pkSFks O;fDr ij 1 vxLr dks geyk fd;k ;gk xkSj djus okyh ckr gS fd ck?k ds f”kdkj cus pkjks O;fDr;ksa dks ck?k us ugh [kk;k vkSj ;s ?kVuk;s Hkh ou {ks= esa ;kuh ck?k ds ?kj esa ?kfVr gqbZ ck?k }kjk ekuo ekal u [kk;k tkuk bl ckr dh vksj b”kkjk djrk gS fd ck?k ujHk{kh ugh Fkk bl chp ?kVuk LFkyksa ls f”kdkjh tkuoj ds ixekdZ fy, x;s vkSj bl tkuoj dh igpku uj ck?k ds #i esa dh xbZA    vc ge ck?k }kjk fd;s x;s pkSFks o vkf[kjh geys okyh txg ij pys ;g dkai VkaMk xkao gS ftlds mRrj esa “kkjnk unh cgrh gS vkSj iwjc] if”pe o nf{k.k esa [khjh ds ?kus taxy gS “kkjnk unh }kjk NksM+s x;s HkwHkkx esa lSdM+ksa gsDV;j xUus dh Qly gS tks taxy o unh ls f?kjh gqbZ gS ;g eSnku ck?k ds izkd`frd vkokl dk vkHkkl djkrh gS ;g ,d fo”kky xzklyS.M dh rjg gS ;gka lSdM+ksa eos”kh taxyksa esa ?kwek djrs gS ;gka ds fuoklh Hkh viuh t#jrs bUgh taxyksa ls iwjh djrs gS pkgs dkuwu mUgs bl ckr dh btktr u nsrk gks ,sls gkykr esa ck?k dk eosf”k;ksa dks ekj Mkyuk o euq’;ksa ij geyk LokHkkfod gS D;ks fd rc ge mlds vkokl ls NsM+NkM+ dj jgs gksrs gSA ,d vxLr okyh ?kVuk ds ckn ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us viuh dk;Zokfg;ka rst dj nh cjsyh ls fitM+s eaxk;sa x;s ftuesa lqvj dk ekal j[kk x;k o ftUnk cdjs dk eseuk ysfdu ck?k us vkneh dh pkyksa dks Hkkai fy;k ;k fQj “kk;n dksbZ vkSj otg jgh dh og fitM+s es ugh Qlk] lkr vxLr dks ck?k dh mifLFkr fdl txg ij gS bl ckr dks fuf”pr dj fy;k x;k ysfdu mls idM+us ds dksb [kkl izcU?k ugh fd, x, ;gka ij ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us bl ckr dh Hkh iqf’V dj yh dh ck?k dkQh detksj voLFkk esa gS vkB vxLr dks ck?k viuh iwoZ fLFr ls yxHkx 100 ehVj pyk vc og tgka ij Fkk og “kkjnk unh }kjk NksM+h x;h tehu Fkh tks ,d [kMM esa rCnhy gks pqdh Fkh ;gka yEch o ?kuh VkbQk xzkl ^pVkbZ ?kkl* Fkh tgka ck?k Nqik gqvk Fkk vkB vxLr dks ck?k dks iwjh rjg ls yksdsV dj fy;k x;k rhu gkfFk;ksa ls yxkrkj ml ij fuxjkuh j[kh tk jgh Fkh Vªadqykbts”ku ,DliVZ vk igqpsa Fks vkSj mRrj izns”k ds eq[; oU; tho izfrikyd ekSds ij vk, vkSj mudh fuxjkuh esa ouvf/kdkjh rhuksa gkfFk;ksa ij lokj gksdj ml “kkjnk ds [kMM esa nynyh Hkwfe esa mrj x;s ck?k ?kkl ds ftl >qjeqV esa ekSatwn Fkk mlds pkjks rjQ dh ?kkl jkSan Mkyh xbZ fQj Hkh ck?k Vl ls el u gqvk nqfu;k dk lcls QqrhZyk tkuoj vius pkjks rjQ cUnwdksa ls ySl gkfFk;kas ij lokj ekuo dks vius bruk utnhd ns[kdj Hkh gjdr esa u vk;s ;g vlaHko gh gS D;ksfd lfn;ksa ls euq’; gkfFk;ks ij p<+dj ck?k dk f”kdkj djrk vk;k gS vkSj ck?kksa esa ih<+h nj ih<+h ;g izo`fRr curh pyh x;h fd epkuksa o gkfFk;ksa ij lokj ekuq’k ls lko/kku! vki dYiuk dj ldrs gaS fd og fujhg ?kk;y o Hkw[k ls rM+Ik jgk tho ftldk “kjhj rks ej jgk Fkk ij psruk vHkh thfor Fkh “kk;n “kjhj dh tkrh jgh “kfDr ds dkj.k Hkw[k dk ,glkl gh [kRe gks pqdk gks fdUrq tjk lh Hkh psruk jgus rd tho eas e`R;q dk Hk; fo|eku jgrk gS ,sls esa og cscl izk.kh tks “k=qvksa ls pkjks rjQ ls f?kjk gks lSdM+ks euq’; mlls dqN nwjh ij etek yxk, rek”kchu cus [kM+s gks og tkuoj viuh tku cpkus ds fy, ,d dne Hkh py ikus esa vleFkZ gks] “kfDrghu gks pqdk “kjhj O;kdqy psruk dk lkFk ns ikus esa foo”k gks rks og dSlh Hk;kud o fonzwi fLFkr gksxh ftls Lej.k djrs gh ân; esa d#.kk ds rkj ,d lkFk vkUnksfyr gks tkrs gS fQj Hkh ck?k dh taxy esa loksZPp lRRkk o mldh rkdr dk ,glkl taxy ds gj tho esa gesa”kk cuk jgrk gS rHkh rks bl ej.kklUu Ckk?k ls gkfFk;ksa dh lfUudVrk us gkfFk;ksa dks [kkSQ tnk dj fn;k Fkk ihyoku ds reke iz;klksa ds ckotwn gkFkh ck?k ls nwjh cuk, gq, Fks fQj ckal ds M.Msa ls ou vf/kdkfj;ksa us ml >qjeqV esa ekStwn tho ls NsM+NkM+ dh rc dksbZ ,slh gjdr ugh gqbZ FkksM+h nwj ij [kM+s gtkjksa xzkeh.kksa o ehfM;kdehZ ns[k ikrs pkjks rjQ gYyk epuk “kq# , gqvk fd ck?k ej x;k gS ou foHkkx okys crkuk ugh pkgrs [kSj bu lc ckrksa es “kke gks xbZ urhtk flQM+ gh jgk eq[; oU; tho izfrikyd us vleatl dh fLFkfr esa fdlh ls Qksu ij jk; e”kfojk fy;k fd gkykr dkcw esa ugh gS Vªadqykbts”ku ,DliVZ us Hkh vius gkFk [kM+s dj fy, muds eqrkfcd ck?k bruk detksj gS fd bls csgks”k ugh fd;k tk ldrk vkf[kj esa eq[; oU; tho izfrikyd us xzkeh.kks dk fgnk;r nh fd ck?k dh ekstwnxh okyh txg dh rjQ dksbZ u tk;s ck?k ejus okyk gS “kk;n jkr esa gh ej tk, lqcg vkdj ns[ksxsa D;k djuk gSA9 vxLr dh lqcg ;k ;wW dg ys dh Hkksj gksus ls igys gh ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us ;gka vkdj ck?k dks 0-365 cksj dh jk;Qy ls xksyh ekj nh vHkh dkai VkaMk xkao uhan ls tkxk Hkh ugh Fkk ysfdu xksyh dh vkokt lqudj ogka #ds gq, ehfM;k dehZ o dqN xzkeh.k ?kVuk LFky ij vk igqaps bl oDr oudehZ ck?k dks thi esa ykn jgs Fks ?kVuk LFky ls [kwu dk ,d drjk Hkh cjken ugh gqvk tcfd cdkSy ou vf/kdkjh xksyh ck?k ds lhus esa ekjh xbZA vkuu Qkuu esa ck?k   

Figure 2 Dead Tiger atKanp-Tanda
Village of Kheri district   dh yk”k fd”kuiqj jsLV gkml ykbZ xbZ tgka  izsl okrkZvksa dk nkSj pyk ejs gq, ck?k ds lkFk rLohjsa f[kpok;h x;h vkSj ck?k dks ouvf/kdkfj;ksa us eknk ck?k ;kuh ckf?ku ?kksf’kr dj fn;k x;k ysfdu bl ck?k dks ckf?ku crkusa ls ck?k }kjk ekjs x;s pkjks O;fDr;ksa dh ekSr dk bYtke bl tkuoj ds Åij ls [kRe gks tkrk gS D;ksfd mu ekjs x;s O;fDr;ksa ds ?kVuk LFkyksa ls uj ck?k ds ixekxZ feys Fks A ckf?ku ds ekj fn;s tkus dh [kcj gj i= esa Nih ij ?kVuk LFkyksa ls ik;s x;s iaUtks ds fu”kku tks uj ck?k ds crk;s x;s Fks bl ckr ij fdlh dk /;ku ugh x;k vc ;fn ;gh ckf?ku ujHk{kh Fkh rks bldk eryc fd oufoHkkx ix fpUgksa dk lgh vUnktk ugh yxk ik;k ysfdu ;s ekeyk ;gh [kRe ugh gqvk tc cjsyh ds bTtruxj fLFkr vkbZ oh vkj vkbZ ls ck?k dh iksLVekVZe fjiksZV vk;h rks bl ekjs x;s tkuoj dh iqf’V uj ck?k ds #i esa dh x;h bl ckr ls tuin ds oU;thoizseh lUu jg x;s fd brus cM+s tkuoj esa mPp ou vf/kdkjh uj o eknk dk Hksn ugh dj ik;s ;s ckr ck?k laj{k.k esa bu vf/kdkfj;ksa dh Hkwfedk ij t#j iz”ufpUg yxkrh gSA ysfdu ;gka ,d ckr t#j Li’V gks tkrh gS fd oufoHkkx }kjk ?kVuk okyh txgks ls fy;s x;s iatksa ds fu”kku dk vUnktk fcYdqy Bhd Fkk bl ckr dh iqf’V iksLVekVZe us Hkh dj nh ;gka ij ,d ckr tks iwjh rjg ls nck nh x;h fd ck?k ds “kjhj ij pksVksa ds fu”kku o vxys iSj ij xksyh yxus tSlk xM<+k bu lc ckrks dk ftEesankj dkSu gS vkSj bl ck?k ds iUtksa ds uk[kwuksa o dSukbu nkarksa dh ekStwnxh ds ckn Hkh ;g euq’; dks D;ks ekjrk Fkk dgh ck?k ds “kjhj ij gq, t[e] QwV dj lM+ pqdh vka[k o vxys ck;sa iSj ij xksyh yxus tSlk fu”kku ck?k ds [kwWa[kkj gksaus dk dkj.k rks ugh gS ck?k vewuu vkneh dk f”kdkj ugh djrk ,slk rc gksrk gS ;k rks ck?k bruk o`} gks tk;s fd mlds ekal QkM+us okys dSukbu nkar o iatksa ds uk[kwu f?kl tk, ;k VwV tk, ;k fQj fdlh f”kdkjh dh xksyh yxus ls ck?k “kkjhfjd #i ls viuk izkd`frd f”kdkj ekj ikus esa v{ke gks tk, bl ck?k dks idM+ dj bldk bykt djk;k tk ldrk Fkk tc ;g ,d dne Hkh py ikus es vleFkZ Fkk rks tky Mkydj ;k vU; fcf/k;ksa ls bls idMdj Hkkjr ds bl jk’Vªh; Ik”kq dks cpk;k tk ldrk Fkk “kk;n fdlh fpfM+;k?kj esa ;g ck?k viuh ftUnxh ds dqN lky fcrk ldrk Fkk bl izdj.k dh l?ku tkap gksuh pkfg, rkfd bl ckr dk vUnktk yxk;k tk lds fd ck?k dh bl n”kk dk ftEesnkj f”kdkfj;ksa dk dksbZ fxjksg rks ugh gS ;k xzkeh.kksa }kjk ekjs x;s ifjtu dh yk”k taxy ls okil ykus ds fy, ck?k o muds e/; gq, la?k’kZ dk urhtk rks ugh gS D;ksfd xzkeh.kksa ds eqrkfcd rhljh ?kVuk esa egjktuxj ds xzkeh.kks us VªsDVj&Vªkyh ij lokj gksdj tc ds”kjh dh yk”k ysus x;s rks muds o ck?k ds e/; >M+is gqbZ ftlesa ,d O;fDr us crk;k dh ck?k us viuk f”kdkj fNurs ns[kdj Vªkyh ij geyk dj fn;k ftlesa ck?k dk otunkj iatk Vªkyh dh yksgs dh pknj ls Vdjk;k ftlls Vªkyh dh pknj vanj dh rjQ nc x;h blh oDr ck?k us tc vius vki dks vlQy gksrs ns[kk rks og cM+h rsth ls Vªkyh ds uhps ls gksdj fudyusa dh dksf”k”k dh ij ck?k dh ÅpkbZ T;knk gksus dh otg ls mldh jh<+ Vªkyh ls Vdjkdj jxM+ xbZ bl jxM+ ds dkj.k ck?k ds dqN cky Hkh [kky ls VwV dj mlh LFkku ij fxj x;s ck?k ds ekjs tkus ds ckn mldh ihB ij tks ?kko ik;k x;k og “kk;n Vªkyh ls Vdjkus ds oDr yxh jxM+ dk gh urhtk jgk gksxk dqy feykdj bu lc ckrks dk ckjhdh ls v?;;u fd;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd ck?k dSls vkSj D;ks ekuoksa dks ekjus yxk blesa D;k okLro esa ck?k dk nks’k gS ;k fQj vkneh dk bu reke ckrks dk irk yxkdj leL;k ds fujkdj.k dk dqN rks mik; fd;k tk ldrk gS rkfd ,slh fLFkr nqckjk mRiUu u gksus ik,A vkSj gekjs bl jk’Vªh; izrhd ftl ij gekjh ljdkj djksM+ks #i;s bls cpkus ds fy, [kpZ dj jgh gS ml tkuoj dks ge lajf{kr dj lds  ftls fte dkcsZV us tsUVyeSu dh lKk nh gSA   ftl {ksrz esa ;s pkj O;fDr ck?k }kjk ekjs x;sa ogka 6 gSeysV gS] ;s catkjks ds xkao gS tks /khjs&/khjs lekt dh eq[; /kkjk ls yxHkx tqM+ pqds gS buesa u rks og lfn;ksa iqjkuk vkfne iu cpk gS vkSj u gh ijaijk, ij ,d ckr t#j vpjt Hkjh gS fd lfn;ksa ls tks taxyksa esa oU; thoks ds f”kdkj ij viuk Hkj.k iks’k.k djrs vk, gS og vc iw.kZr;k “kkdkgjh gks pqds gS dkai VkaMk ¼VkaMk dk vFkZ gh gS catkjksa ds fuokl½ xkao ds rksa lHkh yksx “kkdk gkjh gS bldh otg gS fd ;s lc xkao okysa ckck t; xq# nso ds ekuus okys gS bud s lkfRod gksus ds fy, eSa ckck dks fcuk /kU;ckn fn, ugh jg ldrk dkj.k fd de ls de muds }kjk bUgs “kkdk gkjh cuk nsus ls ;gka ds taxyh thoksa dh tku rks t#j cp xbZ fdlh Hkh vHk;kj.; ds vkl ikl jgus okys yksx ;fn ekalHk{kh ugh gS rks ogk dh okbYMykbQ ds laj{k.k dh laHkkouk;s dbZ xquk c<+ tkrh gS ouLifr mu {ksrzks ds tgka ekalkgkjh izd`fr ds yksx jgrs gksA bu NksVs&NksVs xkaoksa es jgusa okysa ou vf/kdkfj;ksa ls vius xkoksa dks foLFkkfir djus dh ekax dj jgs Fksa ftldh otg Fkh ,d rjQ mQukrh “kkjnk unh vkSj rhu rjQ ls /kus taxyksa ls bu xkoksa dk f?kjk gksuk] bu xzkeh.kks ds iwoZt bl vj.; {ksrz es dc vkSj dSls vkdj cls ;g ckr rks fdlh dks ugh ekywe ysfdu esjs }kjk bUgsa iwoZtksa dh /kjrh dk eksg ;kn fnykus ij Hkh bu lc us vius dks dgh vkSj clk nsus dh ekax ij dk;e jguk budh xjhch] flapk;h ds mi;qDr lk/ku u tqVk ikuk] ck<+ vkSj taxyh tkuojksa dk Hk; Fkk ysfdu budh ;g ekax ;fn iwjh dj nh tk; rks blesa taxy esa jgus okysa thoksa o ekuo ds e/; tkjh ;g la?k’kZ vo”; lekIr gks tk;sxk vkSj ou foHkkx dks fd”kuiqj oU; tho fogkj o nf{k.k [khjh ou izHkkx ds e/; dk ;g fo”kky HkwHkkx ouhdj.k djus ds fy, fey tk,xk ftlls bl /kjrh ij vkPNkfnr l?ku taxyksa dh lrg ij fdlh ?ko dh rjg yxk fu”kku okyk {ksrz fQj ls vius Lo#i dks okil ik ldrk gS vkSj bu xzkeh.kks dks Hkh izd`fr dh Hk;kogrk ¼tSlk fd ;s yksx lksprs gS½ ls NqVdkjk fey ldrk gSA  ,d [kkl ckr vkSj nq/kok Vkbxj fjtoZ esa u rks dksbZ Vªadqykbts”ku Lis”kfyLV] u gh dksb osVujh MkDVj vkSj ;gka dksbZ fjlpZ vQlj Hkh ugh fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS tcfd bu yksxks dh furkUr vko”;drk gS ftlls ,sls gkykrksa esa fdlh dk bUrtkj u djuk iM+s ;gka rd fd ikdZ iz”kklu ds ikl u rks fitM+sa gS vkSj u gh dzsu D;ks fd ikdZ iz”kklu bu mijksDr phtksa dh otg ls vius rhu vfHk;kuksa esa vlQy jgk gS                                                                   

Figure 3 Male Leopard shot dead by Villagers in Kheri district in 2003

Figure 4 Rhino escaped from crate at Sitapur distrct in 2004

   in~e Hkw’k.k fcyh vtZu flag us bl ekeysa esa lh ch vkbZ tkap dh ekax dh gS mUgksus crk;k fd ck?k taxy dk vlyh j{kd gksrk gS mlds ?kj ;kuh taxy ls tks Hkh NsM+NkM+ djrk gS ck?k mls ekj nsrk gS Jh flag dgrs gS fd ;fn ck?k ugh jgsxs rks taxy Hkh ugh cpsxsa ;fn taxy ugh cps rks euq’; Hkh ugh cp ik,xk ck?k gekjs ikfjfLFkdh ra= ,d egRoiw.kZ vax gS blds u gksus ls ;s larqyu vo”; fcxM+ tk;sxkA v/;;uksa ds eqrkfcd fiNys 10 o’kksZ esa ck?kksa ds vkokl esa 40 Qhlnh deh vk;h gS vkSj ck?kksa ds ,frgkfld vkokl vkSj vc ds cps gq, vkoklksa dh rqyuk dh tk, rks vc ck?k ds ek= lkr Qhlnh vkokl gh cps gq, gS pwafd ck?k vU; taxyh tkuojksa dh rjg NksVs&NksVs vkoklksa ^taxyksa* esa ugh jg ldrk blds fy, fo”kky {ks=Qy okys taxy ;kuh J[kykc) taxy mfpr vkokl gksrs gS vkt fldqM+rs gq, taxy ck?kksa dks ekuo vkcknh dh rjQ vkus dks etcwj djrs gS tgka ekuo ls budk la?k’kZ “kq# gksrk gS ;fn ge taxyksa dks uqdlku u igqpk;sa o viuh t#jrksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, xzkelekt] d`f’k Hkwfe o ijrh iM+h Hkwfe;ksa ij lkeqnkf;d ouhdj.k fd;k tk; rks gekjh t#jrsa Hkh iwjh gks tk,xh vkSj ck?kksa dks Hkh laj{k.k fey ldsxk ;fn ge okLro esa ck?k cpkuk pkgrs gS rks mu yksxks dks vkxs vkuk gksxk tks bu ck?kksa ds lkFk ;k fQj djhc jgrs gS ;s oks yksx gS tks vHk;kj.;ksa ds vklikl jgrs gS oks yksx tks taxyksa ds vklikl ds dLcks] xkaoksa o “kgjksa esa jgrs gS ;fn ;gh yksx ck?k laj{k.k ds egRo dks le>saxs rHkh ck?k cp ik,xs lSdM+ks ehy nwj cSBs yksx gekjs ck?k ugh cpk ldrsA

Figure 2- Dead Tiger at kishanpur Rest House Kishanpur WLS of Kheri district nqxkZ dk ;s okgu Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dh Nkiksa esa ls ,d] ;g vewY; /kjksgj rHkh cp ldrh gS tc euq’; buds vaxksa o [kky ds fy, budk f”kdkj can dj ns vkSj buds vkoklksa dks ,ao buds Hkkstu ;kuh fgju tSls vU; taxyh Ik”kqvksa dks Nfr u igqpk;saA ;s taxy o muesa jgus okys tho bl /kjrh dh vewY; fuf/k gS vkSj ;fn ekuo /kjrh ij vius dks lcls rkdroj izk.kh gksus dk ;kuh ekfyd gksus dk nkok djrk gS rks mldk ;s uSfrd nkf;Ro curk gS fd og bu thoks ds izfr viuh uSfrd ftEesnkjh dk Hkh fuokZg djs ugh rks ekuo dk bl /kjrh ij vdsys vfLrRo laHko ugh gSA             &d`’.k dqekj feJ      77] dSuky jksM f”ko dkyksuh      Yk[kheiqj [khjh&262701      mRrj izns”k      Hkkjr      Qksu& 05872&263571      Lskyqyj& 9935983464      Email- Krishna.manhan@gmail.com